軟式內窺鏡的維護

　　Maintenance, cleaning, and disinfection of soft endoscopes

　　軟式內窺鏡系統一般由內窺鏡鏡體、冷光源、圖像系統三部分組成。鏡體內有兩條光導纖維束：一條叫光束，它是用來(lái)將冷光源產(chǎn)生的光線(xiàn)傳導到被觀(guān)測的物體表面，將被觀(guān)測物表面照亮；另一條叫像束，它是把數萬(wàn)根直徑在1微米以下的光導纖維按一行一行順序排列成一束，它的一端對準目鏡，另一端通過(guò)物鏡片對準被觀(guān)測物表面，它可以不失真的把圖像從一端傳向另一端，醫生通過(guò)目鏡能夠非常直觀(guān)地看到臟器表面的情況，便于及時(shí)準確地診斷病情。ccD問(wèn)世以后已逐漸代替光導纖維．避免了光導纖維容易折斷的重大缺陷。以電子胃鏡為例，鏡頭上一般有五個(gè)孔，一個(gè)是ccD，一個(gè)是送氣／水噴頭，兩個(gè)是導光束，另外一個(gè)是鉗子管道。

　　A soft endoscope system generally consists of three parts: the endoscope body, cold light source, and image system. There are two optical fiber bundles inside the mirror: one is called a beam of light, which is used to transmit the light generated by a cold light source to the surface of the object being observed, illuminating the surface of the object being observed; Another one is called an image beam, which arranges tens of thousands of optical fibers with a diameter of less than 1 micrometer in a row by row order into a bundle. One end is aligned with the eyepiece, and the other end is aligned with the surface of the observed object through the eyepiece. It can transmit images from one end to the other without distortion. Medical students can see the surface of organs very intuitively through the eyepiece, which is convenient for timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease. After the introduction of CCD, it has gradually replaced optical fibers, avoiding the major defect of optical fibers being prone to breakage. Taking electronic gastroscopy as an example, there are usually five holes on the lens, one is a CCD, one is an air/water nozzle, two are guide beams, and the other is a clamp tube.

　　軟式內窺鏡的維護

　　Maintenance of soft endoscopes

　　軟式內窺鏡應有專(zhuān)人專(zhuān)柜保管，鏡體應放于陰涼處，避免太陽(yáng)或高溫下暴曬，以免老化龜裂。取出時(shí)輕拿輕放，避免生拉硬拽。

　　Soft endoscopes should be stored in a dedicated cabinet by a dedicated person, and the lens body should be placed in a cool place to avoid exposure to sunlight or high temperatures, in order to prevent aging and cracking. Handle with care when removing to avoid pulling or pulling.

　　軟式內窺鏡盡管能改變方向，但也有一定的角度限制應防止過(guò)度彎曲，以免折斷光導纖維。

　　Although flexible endoscopes can change direction, they also have certain angle limitations to prevent excessive bending and breakage of optical fibers.

　　醫生用活檢鉗、異物鉗時(shí)應特別小心，進(jìn)出鉗子通道時(shí)應閉合鉗子，否則張開(kāi)的鉗頭很容易拉傷軟式內窺鏡內壁，從而造成進(jìn)水故障。

　　Doctors should be particularly careful when using biopsy forceps and foreign body forceps. When entering and exiting the forceps channel, the forceps should be closed, otherwise the open forceps can easily strain the inner wall of the soft endoscope, causing water ingress failure.

　　使用完畢后應沖洗干凈，防止送氣、送水、鉗子通道的堵塞。

　　After use, it should be rinsed clean to prevent blockage of air, water, and pliers channels.

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